- Internal stress of pure Pd is lower than Pd-P
- The hardness of the pure Pd is 250 VH whereas Pd-P has with 490 VH almost the double value
(Vickers Method according ISO 6507, ISO 4516)
Electroless Palladium: PdP versus pure Pd
Atotech can offer customers two types of electroless palladium baths. One bath provides a pure palladium layer and the other one co-deposits phosphorus (4 - 6% by weight). The reason for the co-deposition of P is the reducing agent hypophosphite. Different layer composition results in different properties. Which properties are the ones with preference might rely on the application and will be chosen by the enduser.
Topography Comparison FE-SEM:
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Pure palladium shows a nano-structured surface |
Pd-P shows amorphous, pure Pd crystalline structure |